bingham



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. D. BINGHAM.

WATCH.

No. 340,854. Patented Apr. 27, 1886.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. D. BINGHAM.

WATCH.

No. 340,854. Patented Apr. 27, 1886.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

A. D. BINGHAM.

WATCH.

Patented Apr. 27, 1886.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

A. D. BINGHAM.

(No Model.)

WATCH.

N0. 340,854. Patented Apr. 27, 1886.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-8heet 5.

A. D. BINGHAM.

WATCH.

No. 340,854. Patented Apr. 2'7, 1886.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC s.

ALBERT D. BINGHAM, OF NEIV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE NE\V HAVEN VATCH COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

WATCH.

SPECAFXGATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 340,854, dated April 27, 1886.

Application filed February 3, 1885. Serial No. 154,840.

(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT DJBINGHAM, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven, and in the State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in atches and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of my movement from the front, the dial being removed. Fig. 2 is a like view of the same with the dialwheels, hand-setting mechanism, and front plate removed. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of said movement with the balancewhccl and minutes-wheel removed. Fig. 4 is a plan View of the same with all of the train except the first and second wheels, the escape-wheel, and the lever removed. Figs. 5 and 6 are like views of the handsetting mechanism, and show, respectively, the same out of and in engagement with the dial-wheels. Fig. 7 isaperspectivc view of the parts of said mechanism except the wheels separated from each other.

5 Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the spring-barrel from the rear, a portion of the back plate being broken away to show the spring and the winding mechanism. Fig. 9 is a like view of vsaid parts separated from each other. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the same from the rear side, the back platebeing removed and pertions of the outer ring broken away to show the arrangement of the springs; and Fig. 11 is an enlarged central section upon line m a" of Fig. 8.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in. each of the figures.

The design of my invention is, mainly, to increase the running time of a watch-movement without increasing its bull; or lessening its timekeeping qualities; to which end said invention consists, principally, in the relative arrangement of the parts of the time-train, substantially as and 1'or the purpose hereinafter specified.

It consists, further, in the relative proportions of the operative parts of the time-train, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown.

It consists, further, in the location of the mainspring and the means employed for in closing the same, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

It consists, further, in the means employed for winding the mainspring, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown and described.

It consists, further, in the means employed for holding the mainspring in position when wound, substantially as hereinafter specified.

It consists, further, in the means employed for setting the hands, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown.

It consists, further, in the means employed for throwing the hand-setting meclnniism into and out of gear with the dial-wheels, substan tially as and for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

It consists, finally, in the means employed for holding the hand-setting mechanism in and out of engagement with the diatwheels, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown and described.

In the annexed drawings, A represents the back plate, and B the front plate, of my movement, which plates are connected together and held in relative positions by means of pillars C, in the usual manner.

\Vit-hin the center of the back plate, A, is journaled one end of a mainspring-arbor, D, which end projects through said plate sufii ciently to enable it to receive a wheel, E, that is secured thereon in any usual way, and has forty eight teeth. Journaled between the plates A and B at one side of the wheel E is an arbor, F, that is provided with a sixteen-leaf pinion, f, which meshes with said wheel, while above said pinion a wheel, f, that has fifty1"onr, teeth is secured to said arbor, and meshes with a sixteen-leaf pinion, 9, that is attached to or c formed upon an arbor, G. Said arbor G is journaled between said plates A and B, and, like said arbor F, carries aboveits said pinion a wheel, 9, that has seventy-five teeth.

Extending across the wheel E is a bridge, H,withi11 which and within the plate 13, at the center of the latter, is journaled an arbor, I. that carries upon its inner end a twelveleaf pinion, l, and between the same and the inner face of said plate a wheel, i", having eighty teeth. Said pinion meshes with and receives motion from the wheel 9, while said wheel t meshes with and imparts motion to a ten-leaf pinion, 70, which is secured to or formed upon an arbor, K. The arbor K is journaled between the plate B and bridge H, and, in addi tion to the pinion 7c, carries a wheel, k,which has seventyfivc teeth, and meshes with and imparts motion to a ten-leaf pinion, Z, that forms part of or is attached to an arbor, L, which is journaled between the plate A and said plate B. The arbor L is provided with a wheel, I, which has eight-y teeth, and meshes with an eight-leaf pinion, m, that is secured to or formed upon an arbor, M, which lastnamed arbor carries an escape-wheel, m, that is of usual construction, and is engaged by the pallets n of a lever, N, while said lever is in turn engaged by the roller-pin of a balance wheel arbor, O.

The rear end of the mainspring-arbor D is journaled within a flanged cover, P, which fits over and is secured to the periphery of the back plate, A, and, in connection with said plate, forms a barrel for a mainspring, Q. A collet, d, secured to or formed upon said arbor between said plate and cover receives-the inher end of said mainspring, while the outer end of the latter is attached by a stud, r, in any usual manner, to or upon theinner face of a ring, R, which has substantially the same width as said spring, and is provided upon its periphery with ratchet-teeth 1".

The ring R is provided upon one side with an axially-projecting annular flange, 1*, which fits into the interior of a radially inward-projecting flange, s, that is provided around the interior at one edge. of a second larger ring, S, by which means said ring R is adapted to be rotated within said ring S, while maintaining a position concentric therewith.

The ring S is provided around its periphery with spur-teeth s, and has such diameter as to enable it to fit closely within the barrel, while free to be rotated therein, for which purpose a spur-pinion, t, is placed within a recess, a, in the plate A, in position to mesh with said teeth 8 and to receive the end of a stem-arbor, T.

The inner ring, R, is intended to rotate only in the direction necessary to wind the mainspring Q, and is engaged by a spring-pawl, U, which is secured at one end to the plate A, and has its free end in contact with the toothed periphery of said ring. A lug, a, projects from the engaging end of said pawl forward through a slot, (1, in said plate A, and furnishes a means whereby said pawl may be released from engagement with said spring whenever it is desired to let down said mainspring.

The ring S is intended to rotate in either direction around the ring R, and in order that such motion may be caused to turn the latter so as to wind the mainspring a spring-pawl, s is attached to the inner face of said outer ring in position to engage with the toothed periphery of said inner ring. Vhile said ring Sis moving backward its pawl s will trip and pass over the teeth 1*, but when moved forward will engage with said teeth and cause said ring R to move in the same direction. As thus arranged, a reciprocating motion in opposite directions, or'a continuous motion in a forward direction, of said outer ring, S, will cause said inner ring, R, to be turned in the direction necessary for winding said mainspring.

The arbor I extends through the plate B, and upon its projecting portion receives a cannon-pinion, V, which carries a minuteshand, v, and has journaled upon its barrel a second cannon-pinion, Vt, that carries an hours-hand, w. spur-wheel, X, and pinion x, and, in connection with the latter, constitute dial-wheels of usual construction and arrangement. The arbor L is also extended through said plate B, and upon its projecting end receives a secondshand, 1 The train thus arranged is so proportioned as to cause the minutes-arbor I and seconds-arbor L to have the required time of rotation, while the relative velocities of said arbors and the spring-wheel arbor D cause Said pinions are connected together by a I rangement of parts and without increase in the size of the movement.

In order that the hands may be set when necessary, the following mechanism is employed, viz: Pivoted near one end upon the plate B, beneath the dial A, is a yoke, B, which has the form shown in Fig. 7, and is adapted to be moved within certain limits, so as'to swing its outer end toward or from the dial-wheel X. A spring, 0, attached at one end to said plate B, and having its opposite end in engagement with the short end of said yoke, operates to hold the said outer end of the latter, with a yielding pressure at the limit ofits motion, away from said dial-wheel,while a cam-bar, D, that is pivoted near its center upon said plate B, with its outer end projecting beyond the periphery of the latter, and its inner cam-shaped end, d, bearing against the inner short end of said yoke, enables said yoke to be turned to the opposite limit of its motion, for which purpose said bar is turned from the position shown inrFig. 5 to the position shown in Fig. 6, by which movement the inner end of said bar carries the short end of said yoke in the same direction until the longitudinal axis of the former is in a line with the pivotal bearing of the latter, as shown, when said parts are automatically held in relative position. To restore said yoke to its normal position, said bar is swung in the opposite direction until out of line with the said pivotal bearing of the former, after which said spring 0 operates to complete the movement.

WVithin a recess, b,'which is formed upon a circular line within the long arm of the yoke B, and has an open side adjacent to the dialwheel X,is a spur-wheel, E, which loosely fills E is thrown into engagement with said dialwheel by the inward movement of said yoke enables the dial-wheels to be rotated so as to set the hands.

The wheel F has such diameter as to cause its edge to project from beneath the dial when the intermediate wheel, E, is in engagement with the dial-wheel X, as seen in Fig. 6, in which position said wheel F may be readily rotated with the finger; but when said wheel E is thrown out of engagement with said wheel X said finger-wheel F is withdrawn entirely beneath said dial, and can neither be seen nor moved. The bar D and finger-wheel F may be wholly within the line of the bezel G, if desired, in which event it will be necessary to open said bezel before setting the hands.

In order that the watch may be regulated without difiiculty and a long regulator -arm may be employed, I arrange the hair-spring 0 upon the dial side of the balance 0 and extend the regulator 0 out-ward beneath the dial, its outer end being over the casecenter H at a point which is covered by the bezel G when the latter is closed. Beneath said regulator graduation-marks 71 are out within said center and operate as when formed upon the movemerit-plate, ashas heretofore been the custom.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. As an improvement in watch-movements, a time-train in which the first and fourth arbors are journaled at the center of the movement-plates, and the second,the third,the fifth, and the sixth arbors and the escape-wheel arbor arejournaled around said center, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. As an improvement in watclrmovemeuts, a time-train which is composed in part of a main or first arbor, an escape-wheel arbor, and five intermediate arbors,with their wheels and pinions, and said first arbor and the fourth arbor are journaled at the center of the movement, and the remaining arbors, with the escapement,are arranged around the same,-

substantially as and for the purpose shown.

3. As an improvement in watchanovements, a time-train which is composed of a first arbor that carries a wheel having forty-eight teeth, a second arbor which has a sixteen-leaf pinion and a wheel with fifty-four teeth, a third arbor havinga siXtcen-leafpinion and awheel that has seventy-five teeth, a fourth arbor which is provided with a twelve-leaf pinion and a wheel with eighty teeth, a fifth arbor that has a ten-leaf pinion and a wheel with seventy-five teeth, a sixth arbor which has a tcn-leaf pinion and a wheel with eighty teeth, and an arbor that is provided with an eightleaf pinion and carries an escape-wheel having fifteen teeth, said parts being combined substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

at. A watch-movement in which the main spring is located in rear of the time-train, and is contained within a recess that is formed by and between the rear movement-plate, and a covering-disk which at its edge embraces and is secured to the periphery of said plate, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.

5. As a means for winding a mainspring, an annular toothed ring adapted to be reciprocated around a spring-containing ring or barrel, in combination with means whereby said outer ring, when thus reciprocated, may be caused to engage with and move said inner ring or barrel upon its forward motion, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.

6. In combination with the mainspring Q, inclesed between the flanged cover P and back plate, A, and having its inner end attached to the collet d, the ring It, provided with the peripheral ratchet-teeth r, the ring S, having the radial flange 8 and peripheral spur-teeth s, the spring-pawls s and U, the stem-arbor T, and the spur-wheel t, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

T. In combination with the ring R, inclosing the mainspring Q, and adapted to be rotated around and with the same, the springpawl U, arranged to engage with the toothed periphery of said ring, and provided with the arm a, which projects through the slot a in the plate A, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

S. In combination with the dial-wheel X, the yoke 13, pivoted near one end upon the plate B, and provided within its long arm with the circular recess I), the spring 0, engaging with the short arm of said yoke, the spur-wheel E, placed within said recess 1), and the spur-wheel F, pivoted upon the short arm of said yoke, said parts being constructed to operate in the manner and for the purpose substantially as set forth.

5). In combination with the yoke 13 and its connecting parts, the bar D, pivoted upon the plate B and provided with the cam end (2, which is adapted to impinge upon and move the short arm of said yoke, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.

10. In combination with the yoke B and its connecting parts, the spring 0, secured to the plate B and engaging with the short arm of said yoke, and the bar I), pivoted upon said plate, and adapted to have its inner end engage with and lock the short arm of said yoke, when the latter is in position to permit the hands to be set, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 6th day of January, 1885.

ALBERT D. TBINGHAM.

ll' itnesses:

T. (It. SLOAN, L. J. MULFoRD. 

